Today's word is extremely useful if you ever find yourself double-booked in Italy (or if you just need a polite excuse to turn down that invitation to another five-hour lunch with the in-laws).
Un impegno (pronunciation available here) is 'a commitment' or 'an engagement' – something you have to do.
Domani non posso. Ho un altro impegno.
I can't tomorrow. I have another commitment.
It's a common way to refer to appointments and other chores, but it also means 'commitment' in the broader sense of a promise.
È importante non assumere impegni che sono impossibili da realizzare.
It's important not to make commitments that can't be fulfilled.
The word comes from the Latin word pignus, meaning 'pledge' or 'stake', like the collateral you'd put up for a loan. So more figuratively, it's like a guarantee you'll do something.
The verb impegnarsi ('to commit oneself') is therefore a way of saying you're making a solemn promise.
Si è impegnata a sposarlo.
She committed to marrying him.
By extension, it implies a certain amount of dedication. Impegnarsi can also mean 'to make an effort' or 'to work hard'.
L'hanno promossa perché si è impegnata.
They promoted her because she worked hard.
Likewise, if you act con impegno ('with commitment'), you're showing diligence or dedication.
Devi studiare con impegno per laurearti.
You have to study diligently to graduate.
If you're senza impegno (literally, 'without commitment'), on the other hand, it means you're under 'no obligation' or you're 'not making any promises'.
Gli apparecchi si provano anche a domicilio, senza impegno da parte del cliente.
The appliances can be tried out at home, with no obligation on the client's part.
Ti andrebbe di andare al cinema sabato?
Sì, ma senza impegno perché ho tanti compiti da fare.
Do you fancy going to the cinema on Saturday?
Yeah, but no promises because I have a lot of homework to do.
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