Leonardo Bertulazzi was detained after Argentinian authorities revoked the refugee status he had obtained in the country in 2004 following a new extradition request, Italian police said in a statement.
Italian Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni also released a statement where she expressed her "deep gratitude to the Argentinian authorities" for the arrest.
Bertulazzi, who is in his 70s, was the target of an international arrest warrant for homicide and illegal confinement. He belonged to the Red Brigades' March 28 Genoa section, which notably kidnapped and held Italian shipowner Piero Costa.
He was sentenced to a total of 27 years in prison in 1987 for joining a subversive association and belonging to an armed group.
Argentina first arrested him in 2002 in Buenos Aires but he was freed a few months later.
Founded in 1973 by Italian Renato Curcio, the Red Brigades wounded and killed dozens of judges, politicians, journalists and industry executives during the 1970s.
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